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  Title	NN, Inc. Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024 Results
  ID	7481203
  External ID	7603260481
  Author	Unknown
  Published Date	March 5, 2025, 3:34 p.m.
  Summary	Share NN delivers performance as expected in first full year of transformation NN is accelerating and further refining transformation plans in 2025 CHARLOTTE, N.C., March 05, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE)
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  URL	https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/03/05/3037785/0/en/nn-inc-reports-fourth-quarter-and-full-year-2024-results.html
  Sentiment	Negative: 0.06500    Neutral: 0.02338    Positive: 0.91162
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  Content ID	4786449
  Key	4ae9f921-75ff-4cd7-a2d5-23f12bd30544
  Content	Share NN delivers performance as expected in first full year of transformation NN is accelerating and further refining transformation plans in 2025 CHARLOTTE, N.C., March 05, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- NN, Inc. (NASDAQ: NNBR) (“NN” or the “Company”), a global diversified industrial company that engineers and manufactures high-precision components and assemblies, today reported its financial results for the fourth quarter and full-year ended December 31, 2024. Key results for the quarter and full-year ended 2024 include (compared with the fourth quarter and full-year of 2023): Net sales of $106.5 million and $464.3 million, decreased by 5.3% and 5.1%, respectively. Pro forma net sales, adjusted for sale of Lubbock, rationalized business, and other pro forma adjustments, increased by 2.0% and declined by 0.2%, respectively. GAAP earnings per share of $(0.51) and $(1.11), respectively. Adjusted earnings per share of $(0.02) and $(0.17), respectively. Adjusted EBITDA of $12.1 million and $48.3 million, an increase of $2.1 million and $5.2 million, respectively. NN's first full year of transformation plan was a success – upgraded its leadership team, rationalized money-losing legacy business, secured new program awards to offset rationalized business and create a path to year-over-year growth, increased gross profit margins, decreased borrowing rates, and decreased leverage. $73 million of new business wins in 2024, topping the previous record of $63 million in 2023. NN is tracking on pace with its 5-year sales growth and diversification goals and has delivered a 2-year new business wins total of $136 million. The Company has won $13 million in new wins in 2025 YTD and remains on pace with its business development efforts. The Company is on pace to achieve its organic growth goal of reaching $600 million in sales. New wins have begun launching and ramping into the Company's sales run-rates with over 70 programs scheduled for start-of-production during 2025; approximately $21 million of new business is being launched in Q1 2025 across multiple plants and countries. NN's China operations sales growth continues at a measured pace, up by 15.6% and 20.6%, versus the prior year fourth quarter and full-year, respectively. NN's China operations continue to fund their own growth through local cash flow generation. NN's Term Loan refinancing process continues, and the transaction will enable the Company to continue its 5-year transformation plans. “We are pleased overall with the results of our first full year of our transformation plan, during which we made immediate and significant progress.” said Harold Bevis, President and Chief Executive Officer of NN, Inc. “We also gained the confidence to accelerate our pace. A few highlights are as follows: Upgraded a significant number of leadership positions, including upgrades across our C-suite, and among our operational leaders, commercial leaders, and finance team. NN is adding to and creating the most competitive engineering and business development team in the history of the Company, adding to our Stamped Products, Electrical, and Medical teams. In 2025, we are launching the highest number of new products in recent history. By being careful and selective, we have been able to keep our cash capex spending to normal levels by leveraging our $340 million installed base of machinery and equipment and $56 million of land and buildings. We have significantly improved the underperforming performance at the ‘Group of 7' plants that had previously generated $112.6 million of net sales and negative $11.5 million of adjusted EBITDA in 2023; we have fixed four plants and we are closing three. In 2025, we expect this same set of plants to generate $5 million of adjusted EBITDA. Growth of the US electrical grid power business is expected to continue in 2025 as electrical demand increases due to data centers, electric, and hybrid vehicles.” Mr. Bevis concluded, “Looking ahead to 2025, as we continue along our transformation path, we are focused on creating a refreshed and extended balance sheet, stronger free cash flow, a powerful new business acquisition program, and a further strengthening of our management team. I would like to thank the NN team and our partners who are working together to create sustainable value.” Fourth Quarter Results Net sales were $106.5 million, a decrease of 5.3% compared to the fourth quarter of 2023 net sales of $112.5 million, which was primarily due to the sale of our Lubbock operations, lower volumes, and unfavorable foreign exchange effects of $1.6 million. As a result, on a pro forma basis, sales increased 2% over the same period of prior year. Loss from operations was $16.9 million compared to a loss from operations of $7.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. The increased loss from operations was primarily due to lower sales volume. Income from operations for Power Solutions was $1.3 million compared to income from operations of $2.8 million for the same period in 2023. Loss from operations for Mobile Solutions was $12.9 million compared to loss from operations of $5.7 million for the same period in 2023. Net loss was $21.0 million compared to net loss of $20.5 million for the same period in 2023. Full-Year Results Net sales decreased by $25.0 million, or 5.1%, during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to the sale of our Lubbock operations, customer settlements received in 2023, rationalized volume at plants undergoing turnarounds and unfavorable foreign exchange effects of $3.5 million. These decreases were partially offset by the net impact of contractual pass-through material pricing provisions. As a result, on a pro forma basis, sales decreased 0.2%. Loss from operations was $27.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to a loss from operations of $21.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to lower revenue, the impairment of machinery and equipment at a plant that will close in 2025, higher travel, stock compensation and severance expense, partially offset by lower salaries due to a reduction in headcount. Net loss was $38.3 million compared to net loss of $50.2 million for the same period in 2023. The improvement is primarily due to the $7.2 million gain on sale of the Lubbock operations and a decrease in noncash derivative mark-to-market losses, as well as increased share of net income from joint venture. Fourth Quarter Adjusted Results Adjusted income from operations for the fourth quarter of 2024 was $2.4 million compared to adjusted loss from operations of $1.4 million for the same period in 2023. Adjusted EBITDA was $12.1 million, or 11.3% of sales, compared to $10.0 million, or 8.9% of sales, for the same period in 2023. Adjusted net loss was $0.9 million, or $0.02 per diluted share, compared to adjusted net loss of $4.9 million, or $0.10 per diluted share, for the same period in 2023. Free cash flow was a generation of cash of $3.8 million compared to a generation of cash of $1.3 million for the same period in 2023. Power Solutions Net sales for the fourth quarter of 2024 were $39.2 million compared to $43.3 million in the same period in 2023. The decrease is primarily due to lower volumes, including from the sale of the Lubbock operations, offset partially by pricing. Net sales decreased by $5.4 million, or 2.9%, during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to the sale of our Lubbock operations, premium pricing received on a certain customer project during the first quarter of 2023, and unfavorable foreign exchange effects of $0.2 million. These decreases were partially offset by higher precious metals pass-through pricing. Adjusted income from operations was $4.6 million compared to adjusted income from operations of $5.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. The decrease in adjusted income from operations was primarily due to the lower revenue, including from the sale of the Lubbock operations, partially offset by cost reduction initiatives. Income from operations increased by $2.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to an increase in sublease income earned on closed facilities and lower depreciation and amortization expense due to sold or fully utilized assets. Mobile Solutions Net sales for the fourth quarter of 2024 were $67.4 million compared to $69.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2023, a decrease of 2.7%. The decrease in sales was primarily due to rationalized volume at plants undergoing turnarounds, contractual reduction in customer pass-through material pricing, and unfavorable foreign exchange effects of $1.6 million. Net sales decreased by $19.4 million, or 6.4%, during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due rationalized volume at plants undergoing turnarounds, contractual reduction in customer pass-through material pricing, a customer settlement received in 2023 and unfavorable foreign exchange effects of $3.3 million. Adjusted income from operations was $2.5 million compared to adjusted loss from operations of $2.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. The increase in adjustment income from operations was primarily due to the rationalization of underperforming business. Loss from operations changed unfavorably by $6.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the prior year, primarily due to the impairment of machinery and equipment at a plant that will close in 2025. The change was also impacted by higher depreciation expense and selling, general and administrative costs. 2025 Outlook Guidance assumes a similar FX, trade policy, and metal industry environment as in 2024. Revenues should be between $450 to $480 million, depending on FX and tariff impacts At midpoint, slight growth over 2024 on a proforma basis Core performance metrics normalized for sale of Lubbock and rationalized business during 2024 Adjusted EBITDA should be between $53 and $63 million, depending on FX and tariff impacts At midpoint, up ~15% over 2024 on a proforma basis Core performance metrics normalized for sale of Lubbock and rationalized business during 2024 New business wins between $60 to $70 million Targeting larger amounts from stamped products, electrical products and medical products China will fund its own new wins program Continue to leverage $340 million of machinery and equipment to minimize cash capex spend Chris Bohnert, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, commented, “The key end markets NN serves remain solid on balance, subject to potential impacts of foreign exchange rate fluctuations, volume uncertainty and tariff impacts. These uncertainties are initially moving us to the low half of the Revenue and adjusted EBITDA ranges for the full-year. We expect our profitability results to be supported by stronger margins as a result of cost-out actions and operational efficiencies, as well as the launching of new business wins. Our adjusted EBITDA forecast calls for solid year-over-year improvement driven by a combination of a stronger gross margin profile, and the benefit of our consistent actions to improve our fixed and variable cost structure.” Mr. Bohnert concluded, “The refinancing of our Term Loan is in process and our focus remains on improving our financial flexibility and supporting our profitable growth strategy. While this process is influenced by NN's positively evolving growth capital and capacity expansion needs, as well as the Company's changing cost structure, we expect this process to conclude in the first half of the year, which will provide us the runway needed to continue our multi-year transformation.” Conference Call NN will discuss its results during its quarterly investor conference call on March 6, 2024, at 9 a.m. ET. The call and supplemental presentation may be accessed via NN's website, www.nninc.com. The conference call can also be accessed by dialing 1-877-255-4315 or 1-412-317-6579. For those who are unavailable to listen to the live broadcast, a replay will be available shortly after the call until March 6, 2026. NN discloses in this press release the non-GAAP financial measures of adjusted income (loss) from operations, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income (loss), adjusted net income (loss) per diluted common share, and free cash flow. Each of these non-GAAP financial measures provides supplementary information about the impacts of restructuring and integration expense, acquisition and transition expenses, foreign exchange impacts on inter-company loans, amortization of intangibles and deferred financing costs, and other non-operating impacts on our business. The financial tables found later in this press release include a reconciliation of adjusted income (loss) from operations, adjusted operating margin, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, adjusted net income (loss), adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share, free cash flow to the U.S. GAAP financial measures of income (loss) from operations, net income (loss), net income (loss) per diluted common share, and cash provided (used) by operating activities. About NN, Inc NN, Inc., a global diversified industrial company, combines advanced engineering and production capabilities with in-depth materials science expertise to design and manufacture high-precision components and assemblies for a variety of markets on a global basis. Headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina, NN has facilities in North America, Europe, South America, and Asia. For more information about the company and its products, please visit www.nninc.com. Except for specific historical information, many of the matters discussed in this press release may express or imply projections of revenues or expenditures, statements of plans and objectives or future operations or statements of future economic performance. These statements may discuss goals, intentions and expectations as to future trends, plans, events, results of operations or financial condition, or state other information relating to NN, Inc. (the “Company”) based on current beliefs of management as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management. Forward-looking statements generally will be accompanied by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “guidance,” “intend,” “may,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project”, “achieve”, “growth”, “enable”, “improve”, or other similar words, phrases or expressions. Forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties that are outside of management's control and that may cause actual results to be materially different from such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, general economic conditions and economic conditions in the industrial sector; the impacts of pandemics, epidemics, disease outbreaks and other public health crises on our financial condition, business operations and liquidity; competitive influences; risks that current customers will commence or increase captive production; risks of capacity underutilization; quality issues; material changes in the costs and availability of raw materials; economic, social, political and geopolitical instability, military conflict, currency fluctuation, and other risks of doing business outside of the United States; inflationary pressures and changes in the cost or availability of materials, supply chain shortages and disruptions, the availability of labor and labor disruptions along the supply chain; our dependence on certain major customers, some of whom are not parties to long-term agreements (and/or are terminable on short notice); the impact of acquisitions and divestitures, as well as expansion of end markets and product offerings; our ability to hire or retain key personnel; the level of our indebtedness; the restrictions contained in our debt agreements; our ability to obtain financing at favorable rates, if at all, and to refinance existing debt as it matures; our ability to secure, maintain or enforce patents or other appropriate protections for our intellectual property; new laws and governmental regulations; the impact of climate change on our operations; uncertainty of government policies and actions after recent U.S. elections in respect to global trade, tariffs and international trade agreements; and cyber liability or potential liability for breaches of our or our service providers' information technology systems or business operations disruptions. The foregoing factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the sections entitled “Risk Factors” and “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in the Company's filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date of this press release, and the Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as required by law. New risks and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for the Company to predict their occurrence or how they will affect the Company. The Company qualifies all forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements. With respect to any non-GAAP financial measures included in the following document, the accompanying information required by SEC Regulation G can be found in the back of this document or in the “Investors” section of the Company's web site, www.nninc.com, under the heading “News & Events” and subheading “Presentations.” Investor & Media Contacts: Joe Caminiti or Stephen Poe NNBR@alpha-ir.com Financial Tables Follow (in thousands, except per share data) Net sales Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below) Selling, general, and administrative expense Depreciation and amortization Other operating expense (income), net Loss from operations Interest expense Loss on extinguishment of debt — — Other expense (income), net Loss before provision for income taxes and share of net income from joint venture Provision for income taxes Share of net income from joint venture Net loss Other comprehensive income (loss): Foreign currency transaction gain (loss) Interest rate swap: Change in fair value, net of tax — — — Reclassification adjustments included in net loss, net of tax — Other comprehensive income (loss) Comprehensive loss Basic and diluted net loss per common share: Basic and diluted net loss per share Shares used to calculate basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except per share data) Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable, net Inventories Income tax receivable Prepaid assets Other current assets Total current assets Property, plant and equipment, net Operating lease right-of-use assets Intangible assets, net Investment in joint venture Deferred tax assets Other non-current assets Total assets Liabilities, Preferred Stock, and Stockholders' Equity Current liabilities: Accounts payable Accrued salaries, wages and benefits Income tax payable Short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt Current portion of operating lease liabilities Other current liabilities Total current liabilities Deferred tax liabilities Long-term debt, net of current maturities Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion Other non-current liabilities Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies Series D perpetual preferred stock Stockholders' equity: Common stock Additional paid-in capital Accumulated deficit Accumulated other comprehensive loss Total stockholders' equity Total liabilities, preferred stock, and stockholders' equity (in thousands) Cash flows from operating activities Net loss Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization Amortization of debt issuance costs and discount Paid-in-kind interest Impairments of property, plant and equipment — Loss on extinguishment of debt and write-off of debt issuance costs — Total derivative loss (gain), net of cash settlements Share of net income from joint venture, net of cash dividends received Gain on sale of business — Share-based compensation expense Deferred income taxes Other Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable Inventories Other operating assets Income taxes receivable and payable, net Accounts payable Other operating liabilities Net cash provided by operating activities Cash flows from investing activities Acquisition of property, plant and equipment Proceeds from sale of property, plant, and equipment Proceeds received from sale of business — Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities Proceeds from long-term debt Repayments of long-term debt Cash paid for debt issuance costs Proceeds from sale-leaseback of equipment — Proceeds from sale-leaseback of land and buildings — Repayments of financing obligations — Proceeds from short-term debt — Other Net cash used in financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash flows Net change in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents at end of quarter (in thousands) NN, Inc. Consolidated GAAP loss from operations Professional fees Personnel costs (1) Facility costs (2) Amortization of intangibles Fixed asset impairments — Non-GAAP adjusted income (loss) from operations (a) Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin (3) GAAP net sales (in thousands) Power Solutions GAAP income from operations Professional fees — Personnel costs (1) Facility costs (2) Amortization of intangibles Non-GAAP adjusted income from operations (a) Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin (3) GAAP net sales (in thousands) Mobile Solutions GAAP loss from operations Personnel costs (1) Facility costs (2) Amortization of intangibles Fixed asset impairments — Non-GAAP adjusted income (loss) from operations (a) Share of net income from joint venture Non-GAAP adjusted income from operations with JV (a) Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin (3) GAAP net sales (in thousands) Elimination GAAP net sales — Personnel costs include recruitment, retention, relocation, and severance costs Facility costs include costs of opening / closing facilities and relocation / exit of manufacturing operations Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin = Non-GAAP adjusted income (loss) from operations / GAAP net sales (in thousands) NN, Inc. Consolidated GAAP loss from operations Professional fees Personnel costs (1) Facility costs (2) Amortization of intangibles Fixed asset impairments — Non-GAAP adjusted income from operations (a) Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin (3) GAAP net sales (in thousands) Power Solutions GAAP income from operations Professional fees — Personnel costs (1) Facility costs (2) Amortization of intangibles Fixed asset impairments — — Non-GAAP adjusted income from operations (a) Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin (3) GAAP net sales (in thousands) Mobile Solutions GAAP loss from operations Personnel costs (1) Facility costs (2) Amortization of intangibles Fixed asset impairments — Non-GAAP adjusted income (loss) from operations (a) Share of net income from joint venture Non-GAAP adjusted income from operations with JV (a) Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin (3) GAAP net sales (in thousands) Elimination GAAP net sales Personnel costs include recruitment, retention, relocation, and severance costs Facility costs include costs of opening / closing facilities and relocation / exit of manufacturing operations Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin = Non-GAAP adjusted income (loss) from operations / GAAP net sales (in thousands) GAAP net loss Provision for income taxes Interest expense Write-off of unamortized debt issuance cost — Change in fair value of preferred stock derivatives and warrants Depreciation and amortization Professional fees Personnel costs (1) Facility costs (2) Mexico VAT — Non-cash stock compensation Non-cash foreign exchange (gain) loss on inter-company loans Fixed asset impairments — Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA (b) Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA margin (3) GAAP net sales Personnel costs include recruitment, retention, relocation, and severance costs Facility costs include costs of opening / closing facilities and relocation / exit of manufacturing operations Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA margin = Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA / GAAP net sales (in thousands) GAAP net loss Provision for income taxes Interest expense Write-off of unamortized debt issuance cost — Change in fair value of preferred stock derivatives and warrants Gain on sale of business — Depreciation and amortization Litigation / settlement costs — — Professional fees Personnel costs (1) Facility costs (2) Mexico VAT — Non-cash stock compensation Non-cash foreign exchange (gain) loss on inter-company loans Fixed asset and goodwill impairments — Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA (b) Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA margin (3) GAAP net sales Personnel costs include recruitment, retention, relocation, and severance costs Facility costs include costs of opening / closing facilities and relocation / exit of manufacturing operations Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA margin = Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA / GAAP net sales (in thousands) GAAP net loss Pre-tax professional fees Pre-tax personnel costs Pre-tax facility costs Pre-tax foreign exchange (gain) loss on inter-company loans Pre-tax write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs — Pre-tax change in fair value of preferred stock derivatives and warrants Pre-tax amortization of intangibles and deferred financing costs Pre-tax impairments of fixed asset costs — Mexico VAT — Tax effect of adjustments reflected above (c) Non-GAAP adjusted net income (loss) (d) (per diluted common share) GAAP net loss per diluted common share Pre-tax professional fees — Pre-tax personnel costs Pre-tax facility costs Pre-tax foreign exchange (gain) loss on inter-company loans Pre-tax write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs — Pre-tax change in fair value of preferred stock derivatives and warrants Pre-tax amortization of intangibles and deferred financing costs Pre-tax impairments of fixed asset costs — Mexico VAT — Preferred stock cumulative dividends and deemed dividends Non-GAAP adjusted net income (loss) per diluted common share (d) Shares used to calculate net earnings (loss) per share (in thousands) GAAP net income (loss) Pre-tax foreign exchange (gain) loss on inter-company loans Pre-tax professional fees Pre-tax personnel costs Pre-tax facility costs Pre-tax write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs — Pre-tax change in fair value of preferred stock derivatives and warrants Pre-tax change in gain on sale of business — Pre-tax amortization of intangibles and deferred financing costs Pre-tax impairments of fixed asset costs — Mexico VAT — Tax effect of adjustments reflected above (c) Non-GAAP adjusted net income (loss) (d) (per diluted common share) GAAP net income (loss) per diluted common share Pre-tax foreign exchange (gain) loss on inter-company loans Pre-tax professional fees Pre-tax personnel costs Pre-tax facility costs Pre-tax write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs — Pre-tax change in fair value of preferred stock derivatives and warrants — Pre-tax change in gain on sale of business — Pre-tax amortization of intangibles and deferred financing costs Pre-tax impairments of fixed asset costs — Mexico VAT — Tax effect of adjustments reflected above (c) Preferred stock cumulative dividends and deemed dividends Non-GAAP adjusted net income (loss) per diluted common share (d) Weighted average common shares outstanding (in thousands) Net cash provided by operating activities Acquisition of property, plant, and equipment Proceeds from sale of property, plant, and equipment Proceeds from sale-leaseback of equipment — — — Transaction costs incurred from sale of business — — — Free cash flow The Company discloses in this presentation the non-GAAP financial measures of adjusted income (loss) from operations, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income (loss), adjusted net income (loss) per diluted common share, and free cash flow. Each of these non-GAAP financial measures provides supplementary information about the impacts of acquisition, divestiture and integration related expenses, foreign-exchange impacts on inter-company loans, reorganizational and impairment charges. The costs we incur in completing acquisitions, including the amortization of intangibles and deferred financing costs, and divestitures are excluded from these measures because their size and inconsistent frequency are unrelated to our commercial performance during the period, and we believe are not indicative of our ongoing operating costs. We exclude the impact of currency translation from these measures because foreign exchange rates are not under management's control and are subject to volatility. Other non-operating charges are excluded as the charges are not indicative of our ongoing operating cost. We believe the presentation of adjusted income (loss) from operations, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income (loss), adjusted net income (loss) per diluted common share, and free cash flow provides useful information in assessing our underlying business trends and facilitates comparison of our long-term performance over given periods. The non-GAAP financial measures provided herein may not provide information that is directly comparable to that provided by other companies in the Company's industry, as other companies may calculate such financial results differently. The Company's non-GAAP financial measures are not measurements of financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to actual income growth derived from income amounts presented in accordance with GAAP. The Company does not consider these non-GAAP financial measures to be a substitute for, or superior to, the information provided by GAAP financial results. (a) Non-GAAP adjusted income (loss) from operations represents GAAP income (loss) from operations, adjusted to exclude the effects of restructuring and integration expense; non-operational charges related to acquisition and transition expense, intangible amortization costs for fair value step-up in values related to acquisitions, non-cash impairment charges, and when applicable, our share of income from joint venture operations. We believe this presentation is commonly used by investors and professional research analysts in the valuation, comparison, rating, and investment recommendations of companies in the industrial industry. We use this information for comparative purposes within the industry. Non-GAAP adjusted income (loss) from operations is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as a measure of liquidity or as an alternative to GAAP income (loss) from operations. (b) Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA represents GAAP net income (loss), adjusted to include income taxes, interest expense, write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs, interest rate swap payments and change in fair value that was recognized in earnings, change in fair value of preferred stock derivatives and warrants, depreciation and amortization, charges related to acquisition and transition costs, non-cash stock compensation expense, foreign exchange gain (loss) on inter-company loans, restructuring and integration expense, costs related to divested businesses and litigation settlements, income from discontinued operations, and non-cash impairment charges, to the extent applicable. We believe this presentation is commonly used by investors and professional research analysts in the valuation, comparison, rating, and investment recommendations of companies in the industrial industry. We use this information for comparative purposes within the industry. Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as a measure of liquidity or as an alternative to GAAP income (loss) from continuing operations. (c) This line item reflects the aggregate tax effect of all non-tax adjustments reflected in the respective table. NN, Inc. estimates the tax effect of the adjustment items identified in the reconciliation schedule above by applying the applicable statutory rates by tax jurisdiction unless the nature of the item and/or the tax jurisdiction in which the item has been recorded requires application of a specific tax rate or tax treatment. (d) Non-GAAP adjusted net income (loss) represents GAAP net income (loss) adjusted to exclude the tax-affected effects of charges related to acquisition and transition costs, foreign exchange gain (loss) on inter-company loans, restructuring and integration charges, amortization of intangibles costs for fair value step-up in values related to acquisitions and amortization of deferred financing costs, non-cash impairment charges, write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs, interest rate swap payments and change in fair value, change in fair value of preferred stock derivatives and warrants, costs related to divested businesses and litigation settlements, income (loss) from discontinued operations, and preferred stock cumulative dividends and deemed dividends. We believe this presentation is commonly used by investors and professional research analysts in the valuation, comparison, rating, and investment recommendations of companies in the industrial industry. We use this information for comparative purposes within the industry.
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